This present manual entitled Tools and Techniques of Plants & Microbes Detection and Diagnosis which includes: good laboratory practices, biochemical techniques, Molecular biology techniques, Agarose &SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, growth of bacterial and fungal culture and preparation of growth curve, isolation of plasmid DNA, preparation of competent cells and its transformation, restriction
digestion of DNA,PCR and optimization of factors, Dot blot analysis, Southern, and Northern hybridization, Western blotting, isolation of high molecular weight DNA & RNA.

Authors hope that manual will meet the requirement of undergraduate and post graduate students studying Molecular Biology. Present manual will serve the interest of students to provide and learn the various techniques of basic molecular biology along with biochemical analysis and basic pathology and microbiology. Constructive criticism and suggestions from the faculty, students and readers to make this manual more meaningful and beneficial suggestions are always welcome

• Introduction
• Basic Requirement and Safety Precaution
• General Plant Pathological and Microbiological Laboratory Equipments
• Common Procedure in the Laboratory
• Fungal and Bacterial Growth Media
• Plating and Culture Preservation Techniques
• Isolation and Identication of Microbes
• Molecular Analysis of Microbes and Plants
• New and Emerging Techniques
• Biochemical and Defence Enzyme Analysis
• Glossary of Technical Terms in Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Plant Pathology
• Vaccine Delivery Systems